Rules For The Change Of Persons of Pronouns [ सर्वनाम के वचन में परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी नियम ]
Direct से Indirect बनाने के लिए Persons में परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी नियमो का अच्छा ज्ञान होना आवश्यक है l Person निम्नलिखित तीन प्रकार के होते है-
1-First Person (I, My, Mine, Me, Myself, We, Us, Our, Ours, Ourself, Ourselves ) [ प्रथम पुरुष] 2-Second Person ( you, Your, Yours, Yourself, Thou, Thee, Thine, Thyself ) [मध्यम पुरुष ] 3-Third Person ( He, Him, His, Himself, She, Her, Herself, It, It's, Itself, They, Them, Their, Themselves, Name [ उत्तम पुरुष ]
Rule 1-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में First Person का Pronoun आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसको रिपोर्टिंग Part के Subject के Person, Number, and Gender के अनुसार बदल देते है l
For Examples:- Direct- They said, "We have been going to school."
Indirect- They said taht they had been going to school.
Direct- The child said to me, "I have been jumping so high."
Indirect- The child told me that he had been jumping so high. Rule 2-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में Second Person का Pronoun आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसको रिपोर्टिंग Part के Object के Person, Number, and Gender के अनुसार बदल देते है l
For Examples:- Direct- They said to her, "You have been going to school."
Indirect- They told her that she had been going to school.
Direct- The child said to me, "You have been jumping so high."
Indirect- The child told me that I had been jumping so high.
Note-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में Second Person का Pronoun आया हो लेकिन Reporting Part में Object न आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय रिपोर्टिंग Part में अपने तरफ से First Person या Third Person के Pronoun को अपना Object बनाकर उसके अनुसार बदल देते है l
For Examples:- Direct- They said, "You have been going to school."
Indirect- They told her that she had been going to school.
Direct- The child said, "You have been jumping so high."
Indirect- The child told me that I had been jumping so high. Rule 3-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में Third Person का Pronoun आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसको नहीं बदलते है l
For Examples:- Direct- They said to her, "He has been going to school."
Indirect- They told her taht he had been going to school.
Direct- The child said to me, "They have been jumping so high."
Indirect- The child told me that they had been jumping so high. Rule 4-कभी-कभी Reporting Speech के Subject तथा Object दोनों Third Person में होते है, ऐसे में Indirect बनाते समय यह पता नहीं चल पाता है कि Pronoun Subject के अनुसार बदला है या Object के अनुसार, इसलिए कोष्ठक के अन्दर उन Pronoun को लिख देते है जिनके अनुसार परिवर्तन होता है l
For Examples:- Direct- He said to him, "You have been going to my school."
Indirect- He told him taht he(object) had been going to his(subject) school.
Direct- Ram said to Mohan, "I have given you a pen."
Indirect- Ram told Mohan that He (subject) had given him (object) a pen.
Helping Chart For The Change Of Persons of Pronouns [ सर्वनाम के वचन में परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सहायक सारिणी ]
Persons पुरुष
Nominative Case कर्ता कारक
Objective Case कर्म कारक
Possessive Case सम्बन्ध कारक
Reflexive Case निज कारक
First Person प्रथम पुरुष
I
We
Me
Us
My
Our, Ours
Myself
Ourselves
Second Person मध्यम पुरुष
You
Thou तू
You
Thee तुझे
Your
Thy, Thine तेरा, तेरी
Yourself, Yourselves
Thyself तूने स्वयं से
Third Person उत्तम पुरुष
He
She
It
They
Name (M)
Name (F)
Him
Her
It
Them
Him
Her
His
Her
It's
Their
His
Her
Himself
Herself
Itself
Themself
Himself
Herself
Note 1-यदि Reported Speech में We का प्रयोग समस्त मानव जाति के लिए किया गया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय We को नहीं बदलते है l Note 2- Reported Speech में कभी-कभी राजा, बादशाह या बड़े लोग अपने लिए I के स्थान पर We का प्रयोग करते है, Indirect बनाते समय इनके स्थान पर He लिखते है l
