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Change Of Nearness Words [ समीपता सूचक शव्दों का परिवर्तन ]Direct se Indirect बनाते समय समीपता सूचक शव्दों को दूरी सूचक शव्दों में बदल देते है l जैसे की निम्नलिखित सारिणी में अच्छी तरह से समझाया गया है l |
| Nearness समीपता सूचक Direct Sppech |
Distantness दूरी सूचक Indirect Speech |
| This | That |
| These | Those |
| Here | There |
| Now | Then |
| Ago | Before |
| Come | Go |
| Just | Then |
| Thus | So |
| Hence [यहाँ से ] | Thence [ वहाँ से ] |
| Hither [ यत्र, इधर ] | Thither [ तत्र, उधर ] |
| To-Night | That Night |
| To-Day | That Day |
| Tomorrow | The Next Day |
| Yesterday | The Previous Day |
| The Next Day | The Following Day |
| Last Week | The Previous Week |
| Last Night | The Previous Night |
| Rule 1-Direct se Indirect बनाते समय यदि This, Here, तथा Now आदि शव्द किसी ऐसी वस्तु, स्थान, या समय की ओर संकेत करते है जो कहते समय वक्ता के सामने हो तो Indirect बनाते समय इनमे कोई परिवर्तन नहीं करते है l
For Examples:- Direct- They said, "We have been coming here." Indirect- They said taht they had been coming here [ उसी स्थान पर ]. Direct- The child said to me, "This is my garden." Indirect- The child told me that this is his garden. [ उसी समय उसी स्थान पर ] Indirect- The child told me that this was his garden. [ उसी स्थान पर बाद में ] Interrogative Sentences [ प्रश्न वाचक वाक्य ]Interrogative Sentences को Direct से Indirect में बदलना Rule 1-यदि Direct Speech का Reported Part Interrogative में हो तो Indirect बनाते समय रिपोर्टिंग verb said को asked, questioned, या inquired of लगते है l
For Examples:- Direct- They said, "Have we been coming here?" Indirect- They asked if they had been coming there. Direct- The child said to me, " Is this my garden?" Indirect- The child asked me if that was his garden. Rule 2-Reporting Part में आये हुए To को हटा देते है l For Examples:- Direct- They said to me, "Have we been coming here?" Indirect- They asked me if they had been coming there. Direct- The child said to me, " Is this my garden?" Indirect- The child asked me if that was his garden. Rule 3-यदि Direct Speech का Reported Part Interrogative में हो तो Indirect बनाते समय Reported Part में आने वाले ? को हटा देते है l For Examples:- Direct- They said, "Have we been coming here?" Indirect- They asked if they had been coming there. Direct- The child said to me, " Is this my garden?" Indirect- The child asked me if that was his garden. |